高二英语下知识点总复习教案

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　　【注】despite后可接what引导的从句。如: ① Despite what she says, I'll go.不管她怎么说，我也要去。② I would support him despite what he did. 不管他做什么，我都支持他。

　　【注】 despite = in spite of,故不能再与of连用; in spite of / despite + 名词 = although + 从句

　　(a) The plane took off in spite of the bad weather. (= although the weather was bad)

　　(b)The plane will take off regardless of the weather. (= no matter whether the weather is good or bad)

　　in spite of= despite; regardless of = without considering or taking notice of

　　15. ... but where segregation took away many of their rights. 但是种族隔离制度剥夺了他们的许多权利。(p.44 Reading 第二段 第3行)

　　▲ take away

　　(1) 在餐馆买(带回家)，带走 Two chicken curries and rice to take away. 劳驾，要两份外卖的咖喱鸡饭。

　　(2)(使心情等) 消失 The doctor has given her some tablets to take away the pain. 医生给了他些止疼药。Anxiety has taken away his appetite. 他愁得吃不下饭。

　　(3) (从某处)移去，移开(某事或某物) What takes you away so early? 你为什么这么早就走?

　　拓展：take apart 拆开; take back 收回(诺言，话语); take down 拿下来，记下来; take in 接受；理解；欺骗; take off 脱下; take on 接受，从事(工作)；雇佣; take out 取出，拿出; take over 接管; take up 开始学习(从事活动)

　　16. The injustice of the city and of the South led Dr King to organize non-violent demonstrations aimed at ending segregation.这座城市以及整个南方的不公正导致金博士组织非暴力的示威运动，目的是结束隔离制度。(p.44 Reading 第二段 第3 - 4行)

　　▲lead to和lead sb. to do sth. 的区别：前者是"通向""引起"，to为介词。后接名词、代词或动名词，而后者的to是不定式的符号，是不定式作宾语补足语，意为"使得......做某事"。如: ① "Where does this road lead?" "It leads to the railway station." "这条路通到哪里?" "通向火车站。" ② These passages lead to the rooms inside. 这些走廊通向里面的房间。③ Blindly copying others might lead to losses. 盲目照搬别人的经验可能导致损失。④ All this has led to rapid progress in industry in the area. 所有这些使这个地区的工业迅速发展。⑤ That led me to think that the boy was ill. 那使我想到孩子是病了。⑥ His answer led me to make further inquiries. 他的回答促使我进一步调查。⑦ His amazing intelligence led him to make many discoveries. 他惊人的智力使他有很多发现。

　　▲aim at意为"目的是""为的是"。① I don't understand his behavior. What's he aiming at? 我不理解他的行为，他意图何在? ② The factory must aim at increasing production. 工厂必须致力于增加产量。③ He aims at perfection in everything he does.他做每一件事都力求做得尽善尽美。

　　【注】也可以说aim to do sth. 即在aim后用不定式表示目的。如：① He aims to gain the Nobel Prize. 他的目标是得到诺贝尔奖金。② We aim to produce superior goods, not large quantities.我们的目标是生产优质产品，而不是追求数量。③ The hunter aimed at the lion and fired, but missed him. 猎人对着狮子开了枪，但未击中。 ④ The students picked up stones and aimed them at the policemen.学生们捡起一些石头，冲着警察投去。⑤ In saying this, I'm not aiming at you. 我这话不是针对你说的。⑥ His speech was not only aimed at the older boys. 他的话不光是说给那些年龄较大的男孩子听的。 ⑦ We all realized who that remark was aimed at. 我们心里都明白那句话是冲谁说的。

　　【注】aim at作"针对"解释时，如主语是人，多用主动语态，如主语是人所说的话，所作的评论等，则常用be aimed at，见上述例句 ⑤ ⑥ ⑦。

　　17. The city saw a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites. 这个城市目睹了黑人和白人之间一连串的冲突。(p.44 Reading 第二段 第4行)

　　▲本句是用拟人化的手法赋予无生命的主语以人的动作，以增加句子的表现力，类似的句子有: ① The year 1949 saw the founding of the People's Republic of China.一九四九年见证了中华人民共和国的诞生。② His unselfish work is beginning to tell. 他无私的工作开始产生效果。③ Her nervousness began to tell as soon as she entered the room.她一进房间就表现出紧张不安。④ My watch says it is nine already. 我的表显示已经九点了。

　　▲series意为"连续" "系列"，单复数相同，常用a series of表示"系 列"。如: ① They carried out a series of expe- riment to test the new drug. 他们进行了一系列试验试新药。② The region has suffered from a series of natural disasters. 该地区遭受了一连串的自然灾害。③ She was invited to give a series of lectures on American politics.她被邀请就美国政治作系列讲座。④ There has been a series of ear accidents at the crossing.在那个交叉路口已经发生了一连串的车祸。

　　【注】a series of...之后要用名词复数，但通常整个谓语用单数。A series of books has been translated into English 一系列书被译成了英文。

　　18. ... and millions of Americans watched as people marched through Atlanta in honour of Dr King. 千百万美国人观看了人们为悼念金博士而穿过亚特兰大的游行。(p.44 Reading 第二段 倒数第3行)

　　▲ in honour of意思是"为向......表示敬意""为纪念(庆祝)"也可以说in sb.'s honour。如: ① A memorial was built in honour of those who died for the country. 为纪念为国捐躯者建了一座纪念碑。② A holiday was declared in honour of the President's visit.为庆祝总统到来特宣布放假一日。③ Mr Mandela will attend an outdoor concert in his honour in the centre of Paris. 尊敬的曼德拉先生将出席在巴黎中心举办的一场露天音乐会。④ The cere- mony Was held in honour of the Queen's birthday. 这庆典是为庆祝女王的生日而举行的。⑤ A memorial meeting was held in his honour. 举行了一个纪念他的集会。

　　【注】有关honour的用法我们学过的还有have the honour of doing sth. 或it is one's honour to do sth. 意为"乐于做某事"或"有幸做某 事"，do honour to或do sb. honour意思是"用......来庆祝......"或 "使某人增添光荣"。如: ① It's a great honour to meet you. 认识你三生有幸。② He is one of the most interesting people I have the honour of meeting. 他是我有幸认识的最有趣的人之一。③ Her behavior in such a difficult situation does her honour.她在逆境中的表现给自己增添了光荣。④ They dressed their ships with flags to do honour to the occasions.他们用旗帜把船只装饰起来庆祝这重要的日子。

　　19. Dr King's efforts were not in vain. 金博士的努力没有白费。(p.44 Reading 第二段 倒数第3行)

　　▲in vain意为"徒劳""无效""枉费心机"。如: ① It became obvious that all her complaints were in vain. 很显然她的所有投诉都是徒劳的。② The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds. 警察企图驱散抗议的人群，但没有成功。③ He wants the world to know his son did not die in vain.他想让全世界的人都知道他的儿子没有白死。

　　【注】vain adj.

　　(1) 对自己(的才干等)自视过高的，自负的 She is a vain girl. 她是位虚荣的女孩。He is always vain of his appearance. 他对自己的容貌总很自负。

　　(2) 无价值的，无意义的 It is vain to try to save him 试图救他是徒然的。

　　(3)无结果的，徒然；无效果的，无用的 Try in vain to sleep. 怎么也睡不着。The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds.警察企图驱散抗议的人群，但没有成功。All our work was in vain. 我们所有的工作都白费了。

　　【注】 vain常见的词组还有：in a vain attempt / effort to do sth. 妄图做......但未成功，in the vain hope that未能如愿。如: ① I was singing in a vain effort to cheer him up. 我本想唱支歌使他高兴起来，但未能如愿。 ② The crazy football fans were in a vain attempt to make trouble during the match. 疯狂的球迷们妄图在比赛期间捣乱，但没有成功。③ He married his fourth wife, Susan, in the vain hope that she would improve his health. 他跟他的第四个妻子苏珊结了婚。，希望她能改善他的健康，但没有如愿。

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