高二英语下知识点总复习教案

　　★本句中的表语从句中的动词用的是虚拟语气，当表示"要求..." "建 议""命令"这类意义的名词作主语时，其后的名词性从句应该用虚拟语气，动词形式为"should + 动词原形"或直接用动词原形，这类名词常见的有sug- gestion， proposal，demand，request，order，requirement，advice，idea等。如： ① The workers' requirement was that their working conditions be improved. 工人们的要求是他们的工作条件应得到改善。② Our decision is that the school (should) remain closed. 我们的决定是学校暂不开学。③ Sophia's idea was that they should lock up the home. 索菲娅的想法是把大门锁起来。④ Her suggestion was that they carry on their conversation in French.她的建议是他们用法语对话。

　　【注】上述例句①－④均是表语从句，下面是这类名词后的同位语从句，谓语动词也用"should+动词原形"或直接用动词原形。⑤ They were faced with the demand that this tax (should) be abolished.他们面对着废除这个税的要求。⑥ They expressed the wish that she (should) accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。⑦ What do you think of the proposal that we (should) put on a play at the English evening? 你觉得要我们在英语晚会上演一个剧的建议怎么样? ⑧ The boss didn't accept the workers demand that their pay (should) be raised, so the strike went on.老板没有接受工人们增加工资的要求，所以罢工仍在继续。

　　★ the same...as... 意为"和......相同的"，在这个结构中，as为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中，as可作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时，as也不能省略。如：①This is the same person as we talked about yesterday. 这就是我们昨天谈论过的那个人。② Mary wears the same kind of glasses as Helen does. 玛丽戴着海伦常戴的那种眼镜。③ You have the same opinion as I have. 你的观点和我的观点是一样的。④ He gave the same answer as I did. 他给的答案和我的一样。

　　【注】as还可以和such，so，as连用，构成定语从句。如：① They visited such places as they wanted to. 他们游览了想要游览的地方。② Such books as you have ale sold out. 你有的那种书已卖完了。③ Let's discuss only such questions as we are all interested in. 让我们只讨论我们感兴趣的问题。④ I felt a weight at my heart such as I had never had before.我感到心中有一种从未有过的沉重。⑤ Here is so heavy a stone as no one call remove.这里有一块重得没有人能移动的石头。⑥ The picture was so beautiful as drew many people's attention.这幅画太美了，吸引了很多人的注意力。⑦ Have you ever seen such beautiful gold fish as I bought yesterday? 你可曾见过像我昨天买的一样美的金鱼吗? ⑧ You will see as many children as come. 你将见到所有到来的孩子们。

　　【注】除了和上述the same，such，so等搭配引导定语从句外，as也可以引起定语从句，这时，关系代词as常常代表主句的整个意思或部分意思。如：① He must be an Asian, as we can see from his looks.他肯定是亚洲人，这一点我们可以从他的外表看出来。② The football game was very exciting, as we had expected. 正如我们所料，足球赛非常令人激动。③ As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。④ He didn't lose heart, as could be judged from his expression.他没有失去信心，这从他的表情中可以看出。⑤ Lincoln was killed in a theatre by an actor, as is described in this book. 正如这本书所描写的，林肯是在一家剧院里被一个演员谋杀的。

　　【注】as作为关系代词代表前面主句的意思，和which代表主句的意思很相似，但as有"正如"的涵义，而which没有。

　　10. ...where black people had equal rights and were free to live, study and work as they wished. 那儿的黑人享有同等的权利，能自由地按自己的意愿生活、学习和工作。(P.28 第四段 第3行)

　　★ be free to do sth. 意为"自由自在、不受拘束地做某事"。如：① You are free to go or stay as you please. 去或留随你的便。② Everyone is free to express himself. 每个人都可以畅所欲言。③ She is not free to marry because she has to look after her parents.她不能结婚，因为她必须照顾双亲。④ She felt free when she left home and moved to the city. 他离开家乡到城市后感到无拘无束。⑤ The prisoner will be set free next week. 那个囚犯在下周释放。

　　【注】free还可解释为"免费的"，相当于without payment of any kind，cost nothing。如：① "Are the drinks free?" "No, you have to pay for them." "这些饮料是不是免费的?""不，你必须付钱。" ② Anyone who buys this breakfast food gets a free gift of a small plastics toy. 购买这份早餐食物的人都可得到一件免费的塑料玩具。③ This is a free ticket for the concert. 这是一种免费的音乐会入场券。

　　【注】free还可作"空闲的""未被利用的"解。如：① "Is this seat free?" "Yes, no one is using it.""这座位没人坐吗?""是的，没人坐。" ② She picked it up with her free hand. 她用闲着的那只手把它捡起来。③ The doctor will be free in ten minutes. Can you wait that long? 医生十分钟后有空，你能等一下吗?

　　【注】 free from／of意为"不受...影响的"。如：① The old lady is never free from／of pain. 那位老太太从未摆脱过病痛。② She was free from all blame for the accident. 那次事故完全不能怪她。

　　【注】free还可作副词用，意为"自由地""免费地""松动地"。如：① Don't let the dog ran free on the main road. 别让那条狗在大街上随便乱跑。② Babies are allowed to travel free on buses.婴儿可免费乘公共汽车。③ Two of the screws in this old wooden door have worked themselves free.那扇旧木门上的两颗螺丝钉松动了。

　　【注】free还可作动词用，意为"使自由""免除""解放""使松动"。如：① The little boy freed the bird from its cage.那小男孩把笼子里的鸟放了。② I need to go out. Can you free me for an hour? 我需要出去一下，你能让我离开一小时吗? ③ At last he freed himself from debt. 他终于还清了债务。

　　【注】 freely也是副词，但与free作副词时解释不同。freely意为"主动地...""慷慨地""坦率地""自由地"。如：① I freely admit that what I said just now was wrong. 我主动承认刚才我说的话错了。② He gives his time freely to help the school. 他用自己的大量时间来为学校办事。③ You can speak quite freely in front of me. I shan't tell anyone what you say. 你有话可坦率地对我说，我不会告诉任何人。

　　★ wish v. & n. 希望；意愿

　　(1) wish用作及物动词，后可接不定式短语、不定式复合结构、双宾语及宾语从句。如：We wish to visit the Great Wall one day. 我们渴望有一天去长城参观。I wish you to finish your homework on time. 我希望你能按时完成作业。I wish you success. 祝你成功。

　　(2) 当wish后跟that引导的宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。如：① 在宾语从句中，表示现在不可能实现的愿望时，谓语动词用过去式(动词be的过去式用were)。② 表示过去未能实现的愿望时，谓语动词用过去完成式。③ 表示与将来事实可能相反的愿望时，谓语动词一般用"would／could+动词原形"。如：I wish it were spring all the year round. (= But in fact it is not spring all the year round.) 要是一年到头都是春天该多好啊。I wish I had your address. (= I'm sorry don't have your address.) 很遗憾我没有你的地址。She wishes she had been here last week. (=But in fact she wasn't here last week.)她想，要是她上星期在这里就好了。I wish they would come again tomorrow. (= But in fact they will not come again tomorrow.) 我但愿他们明天会再来。

　　(3)当wish用作不及物动词时，常与介词for搭配。如：All of us wish for happiness. 我们都渴望幸福。

　　比较：hope表希望时所接从句用陈述语气，表示可能实现的愿望。试区别：I hope that it is true. 我希望这事是真的。I wish that it were true. 这事要是真的就好了。

　　11. All his life he believed that it was right and necessary to demand changes in society if people did not have their civil rights. 金一生都认为，如果老百姓没有民权的话，他们就应改而且必须要求进行社会改革。(P.28 第四段 第3－4行) ★ demand

上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45]  下一页