高二英语下知识点总复习教案

　　12. Travel agents can help you to find out about package trips that include hotel costs,... 旅行社会帮助你了解包括宾馆开支...的选择。(p.39 Tours, Tickets and Visas 第2行)

　　include, including和included

　　★include是动词，意为"包含""包括"。如：① The price includes both house and furniture. 房价包括了房子和家具。② The Chinese nation includes more than 50 national minorities besides the Hans. 中华民族除了汉族外，还包括50多个少数民族。③ Our tour party included several retired couples. 我们的旅游团里有几对退休老夫妇。④ We no longer include him among our friends. 我们不再把他看作我们的朋友。⑤ Your duties will include putting the children to bed. 你的工作职责将包括安顿孩子上床睡觉。⑥ Everyone here took part in the fight against flood, including old people. 这里所有的人，包括老人，都参加了防洪战斗。⑦ There aye eight members including the President of the USA and the British Prime Minister. 有八位成员包括美国总统和英国首相。

　　【注】included是形容词，通常作后置定语或表语。如：① Everyone had something to say, me included. 所有的人，包括我在内，都有些话要说。② All of us, myself included, aye baseball fans. 我们大家，包括我自己，都是棒球迷。③ Food is included in the price. 食物包括在价格中。

　　13. Experienced travelers may prefer to make their own arrangements, ... 有经验的旅行者可能宁愿自己安排...(p.39 Tours, Tickets and Visas 第3 - 4行)

　　★ prefer用法小结▲要掌握prefer的用法，主要抓住两点，一是prefer单独使用时后面跟什么，二是prefer与to或rather than连用时后面各跟什么：不定式，不定式作宾语补足语或从句。如：① He likes geography, but he prefers history.他喜欢地理，但他更喜欢历史。(名词) ② What do you prefer, rice or bread? 你喜欢米饭还是面包?(代词) ③ You may vote for any other person you prefer. 你更愿意投其他人的票也可以。(代词) ④ At the moment they preferred not to talk about this question. 在这个时刻，他们宁愿不谈这个问题。(不定式) ⑤ He preferred speaking without referring to his notes. 他喜欢不看讲演稿做报告。(动名词) ⑥ I should have preferred him to do it in a different way. 我倒愿意他用另一种办法做。(不定式作宾补) ⑦ The Committee would prefer the matter t0 be discussed at the next meeting. 委员们希望这个问题下次会议再讨论。(同上) ⑧She preferred that we should hold the discussion right after the lecture. 她更愿意我们一听完讲座就进行讨论。(从句)

　　【注】表示"宁愿...'不愿"时，要用prefer...to在这个结构中，to作为介词。所以在prefer和to后应分别跟名词、代词或动名词，要注意前后保持一致，接同样词性的词。如：① John prefers Dickens to Thackery. 约翰喜欢狄更斯而不是萨克雷。② He said he preferred the country t0 the city. 他说城市跟农村相比，他更喜欢农村。③ Even on holidays, he preferred doing something to doing nothing. 即使在假日里，他也宁愿干点什么，也不愿闲着。④ Few children prefer working to playing. 很少有孩子喜欢干活而不喜欢玩。

　　【注】也可以用prefer...rather than来表示上述意思，具体用法是在prefer 后接带to的动词不定式，rather than后接动词原形；也可以在prefer...rather than...后分别接名词。如：① I think I should prefer fish rather than meat.我想我还是要鱼，不要肉。② She preferred to stay home rather than go with us. 她宁愿呆在家里也不愿同我们一起去。 ③ He prefers to go to the town by bike rather than take a bus. 他宁愿骑自行车去镇上而不愿乘汽车去。④ I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing. 我宁愿干活也不愿坐在那里无所事事。

　　14. Travel light if possible. 如果可能的话，轻装旅行。(p.39 Planning and packing 第4行)

　　▲此处light作副词用，修饰动词travel意为"轻装地""轻便地""轻载地"。如：① We always travel light. 我们总是轻装旅行。② She felt uncomfortable because she slept light last night. 她昨晚睡得不实，所以感到不舒服。③ Her years sit light on her though she is over fifty.虽然她五十多岁了，但并不见老。

　　【注】light作副词时，与lightly有所不同，后者意为"轻微地...'轻轻地"。如：① The visitor tapped lightly on the door. 客人轻轻地敲门。② The wind was blowing lightly from the west. 风轻轻地从西边吹来。③ If you tread lightly, your footsteps will not be heard. 轻轻走，脚步声就不会被听见。

　　【注】lightly还可以作"少量地""清淡地""少许"解释。如：④ After lunching lightly at Quinine's, he slipped into the museum. 在奎宁家吃了正午饭后，他走进了博物馆。⑤ The cake is sprinkled lightly with sugar. 糕点上撒了少许糖。

　　【注】lightly也可解释为"轻便地"，但多指"衣着"，不指旅行。例 ⑥ Many people were lightly dressed. 很多人穿得很随便。

　　高二英语Unit16 The United States of America知识点总复习教案Section I 课前准备、听力、口语

　　1. Atlanta is known as the "Big Apple". 亚特兰大以"大苹果"为人们所熟知。(p.41 Ex.1 No.3)

　　★ be known as 作为......而有名气

　　▲ known as, known by, known for与known to be known as以......而知名，著称；be known by意为根据(按照)...得知(较少用)，be known for因...而众所周知，表示之所以被众人所知的原因或特征，for后面常跟抽象动词；be known to则意为"为...所知"，仅仅表示"大家都知道"指某个地方或某一范围的人知道。例如：A man is known by the company he keeps. 看其交友可知其人。She was well-known as an excellent dancer. 她作为一名优秀的舞蹈家而闻名。He's known for his readiness to help others. 他乐于助人是非常闻名的。 He's known to the police as a thief. 警察都知道他是个小偷。

　　辨析：know与recognize

　　know指"知道"可表示"认识"，也可表示熟悉，了解事物。recognize指"认出，认识，承认"。例如： I don't know the star but I know of him. 我不认识这位明星，但我听说过。I recognized his voice in the dark. 黑暗中我听出了他的声音。

　　2. Why do you think Ellis Island was turn into a museum? 你认为为什么Ellis岛变成了博物馆? (p. 42 Listening Ex.3 No. 1)

　　★turn into的用法

　　▲turn既可以是及物动词，也可以是不及物动词，作及物动词时，turn... into...意为"把......变成......"。如： ① I'm thinking of turning the flower garden into a vege- table field. 我正在考虑把花园改成菜地。② We can turn a liquid into a gas. 我们能使液体变成气体。 ③ Can you turn this passage into English? 你能把这个短文译成英语吗?

　　▲turn 作不及物动词时，意为"变成""译成"。如：① He has turned into nice boy after all. 他到底变成了一个不错的小伙子。② Jane is turning into quite a skilled musician. 简正成长为一个训练有素的音乐家。③ Shakespeare's plays are difficult to turn into any other language. 莎士比亚的戏剧译成其他语言是困难的。

　　3. There is a lot of history connected with people settling in the USA. 有一段悠久的历史与在美国定居的人有关。(p. 42 Listening Ex.3 B) ★connect ... with ...

　　connect...with...意为"连接""使有关系"。如：① This road connects Beijing with Tianjin.这条公路连接北京和天津。② The early bus from the village connects with the 8:30 train.村里开出的早班公共汽车可与8点30分开出的火车接上。③ The visit of the police was not connected with the lost child. 警察这次来访与失踪的孩子无关。④ Mr Thompson has been connected with our company since 1990.汤普森先生自1990年以来就与我公司有联系。⑤ It's natural to connect Australia with kangaroo.把澳大利亚与袋鼠联系在一起很自然。 ⑥ The police did not connect him with the murder.警方没有想到他与凶杀案有关。⑦ We usually connect spring with sunshine and flowers. 通常一提起春天我们就联想到阳光和鲜花。

　　【注】动词join也有"连接"之意，与介词to连用，与connect...with...作 "连接"解时同义。如：Sometimes the needles are joined to electric wires. 有时把针和电线连接起来。

上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45]  下一页